Project Report
Overview of the oil and gas industry
Oil and gas (energy) is one of the most prioritize commodities
across nations due the consistent high demand for transportation of goods,
services, human mobility and even space travels. This commodity (black gold) in
several instances determines the economic activities and prices levied or
placed on goods and services. Its
however, as we see it an essential indicator of economic ups and downs
of market value and scale of preferences as well as gross domestic product cash
value stability also the national budget policy implementation strength. It’s a
denominator that facilitates national economic growth and a tool capacitated to
determine infrastructural development and social enhancement of the populace.
Now a brief explanation as to how oil and gas forms,
discovered, explored, processed and distributed for industrial, societal and
individual consumption and uses. Essentially oil and gas formed when dead
animals, plants and fossil organisms buried in rocks and sands compressed over
millions of years metaphors into hydrocarbon elements. Hydro: has to do with
water based organisms which includes dead fishes and sea plants while Carbons:
consist of dead plants, trees and bio diversity materials like rubbers of any
kind. Therefore both dead plants and animals supply these hydrocarbon materials
for crude oil manifestation.
To summarize elements like coal and gas goes through
deliberate transformation after exploration and production by a special
calculated temperature application during refining stages of these essential
and awesome materials.
Value Chain of the oil and gas Industry
The computerized global world of ours today
especially in the oil and gas industries, value is a critical component
determining the overall cost of these products. Provision for value is leverage
to tax all oil companies in exploration and production and the manufacturing
process stages and also distributors who exit to deliver finished products to
retail clients.
Now there are three main strategies that require the
value chain transfer. It’s however, important to factor in the operators cost
and risk assumed during operations. During this stage of affair cost is
attached to exploration processes and likely hazards encountered packaged and
dispatched to manufacturers who equally trickle down cost at the final stage of
consumption to complete the chain process.
It is widely understood that the principle
administered in the value chain supply is globally acceptable in all conditions
contrary to total loss in an event during major accidents and financial exigencies
at the point of operators and service providers.
Potentially after a calculated efforts and success
hits operators in the face when exploration and production begins then we can
confidently label it as the UPSTREAM MARKET.
While the conveyance by the various medium of
transportation in large quantities at the point of exploration and production
by vessels or oil cargo ships and others this stage is considered the MIDSTREAM
MARKET.
Also when distribution and supply of crude is
transferred to sector ministries like the refinery which breaks down the crude
into various forms according to specification of crude final products by
application of temperature variations the finished products comes out in the
form of gasoline, diesel, premix fuel and kerosene these are later sold to
retail clients who further sells it to the final consumers this sector is
considered the DOWNSTREAM MARKET.
Legal
and Regulatory Environment
All oil producing countries have their legal and
regulatory policy that they apply during environmental and societal
experiences. Mostly the parties involved are the national government, national
oil companies and the international oil companies’ three key players. However,
the saying goes no man is an island so policies are incorporated and integrated
to suit applicable international legal frameworks and networking in cases of
any aggrieved party dissatisfaction
contrary to brute application of legal freedom at the expense of others.
The national government of any oil producing nation
must also equally have a sub-policies that enables them to judiciously apply
legal and regulatory framework that is convenient due the topography of their
mapping of the oil exploration regions and others.
The legal and regulatory body is the security
apparatus that enhances policy implementation and default settlement in cases
of damages to people and the environment. These bodies roll out guide and guard
the region of operations in oil and gas explorations to stick to policy demands
and be environmentally friendly and in Ghana we have the (E.P.A.) Environmental
Protection Authority which is the sole agent to administer the national
environmental protection acts during an occurrence or possible event. The
(E.P.A.) also may apply international U.N. conventions (1962) acts that protect
our oil asset as the exclusive property of the state of Ghana.
Health, Safety and Environment
Health they say is wealth and the environment is the
only place for survival any prejudice against it could lead to adverse effect
of health prone hazards and damages of life and property the ultimate effect
will be large loss of resources and revenue to state and country.
However, the need to protect it at various stages of
occurrence and life style activities like a long period of exploration of oil
and gas in a particular environment should be emphasized to deliberately create
the awareness for folks to know and identify possible risks and dangers that
could adversely threatened life and plant in that particular environment or
community to be quickly curtailed when possible signs are visible.
Also the health of workers on board and possible
hazard prone areas on deck should constantly be monitored and resolved as soon
as possible. Workers must make time to distress and exercise frequently to
optimize production level and safety on platforms and equipment management.
Negligence to safety measure could be very fatal and
loss of life and in some cases entire exploration platform ruined.
To conclude an entire knowledge of oil and gas
operations is the only capable software that can drive this awesome engine to
safety and also optimize profit gaining experience timeless.
Thanks.
MDPI-GIG OIL&GAS TRAINING
Name:
Richard Grant-Afari
Course: Information Technology
Zone: Accra
ID No: TC-OT-0753
Tel:
0272824818 or 0267497727
